Sponsored by Missouri Western State University Sponsored by a grant from the National Science Foundation DUE-97-51113
Home |
The proper APA Style reference for this manuscript is:
CURIN, K. K. (2001). Invasion of Personal Space of Smokers and Non-smokers. National Undergraduate Research Clearinghouse, 4. Available online at http://www.webclearinghouse.net/volume/. Retrieved April 25, 2019 .

Invasion of Personal Space of Smokers and Non-smokers
KELLY K. CURIN
LOYOLA UNIV. DEPARTMENT OF PSYCHOLOGY
Sponsored by: MUKUL BHALLA (bhalla@loyno.edu)
ABSTRACT
AbstractOne can invade a person`s personal space and observe the person`s reactions to the invasion. This study focused on 60 Caucasian and African American, college-aged, female participants. The independent variable was the amount of space between the researcher and participant`s reaction sparticipant. The researcher manipulated the space variable by sitting more than two arm`s length or less than one arm`s length from the participant. The dependent variable, the participants` verbal and non-verbal reactions, were measured by tabulating the core based on verbal and non-verbal scales. We predicted that the invasion of personal space of a college-age female would result in negative verbal and non-verbal reactions. Our evidence supported this, finding that an invasion of personal space negatively affected participants` verbal and non-verbal reactions. We concluded that personal space invasion has a noticeable effect on an individual`s verbal and non-verbal reactions to that invasion.
Introduction

Methods

Submitted 12/14/2001 1:47:30 PM
Last Edited 12/14/2001 1:55:48 PM
Converted to New Site 03/09/2009
Rated by 0 users. Users who logon can rate manuscripts and write reviews.

© 2019 National Undergraduate Research Clearinghouse. All rights reserved. The National Undergraduate Research Clearinghouse is not responsible for the content posted on this site. If you discover material that violates copyright law, please notify the administrator. This site receives money through the Google AdSense program when users are directed to useful commercial sites. We do not encourage or condone clicking on the displayed ads unless you have a legitimate interest in the advertisement.